高中英语介词短语/动词短语汇编
一．相近介词和介词短语
1. With the help of 在～～帮助下
under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下
2. be strict with sb. 对～人要求严格
be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格
3. at present=at the present time 目前
for the present 暂时
4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下
under the sun 在世界上
5. lie in 位于～～之内
lie on 同～～接壤
lie to 位于～～之外
6. at least 至少
in the least 丝毫，一点
7. by name 名叫
in the name of 以～～名义
8. in the air 空中，在流传
on the air 播出
9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法
in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上
get one’s own way to do 随心所欲
give way 让步，屈服
lose one’s way 迷路
by the way 顺便说一下
on one’s way to 在去～～的路上
Come this way 这边走
10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角）
in the corner 在角落里（内角）
on the corner 在角落上（外角上）
11. judge by / from 根据～～来判断
judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断
12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时
at the beginning of 在～～开始时
at the back of 在～～背后，支持
at the age of ～～岁时
at the foot of 在～～脚下
at the bottom of 在～～底部
at the top of 在～～顶上
at/on the edge of 在～～边上
13. in the course of 在～～过程中
in the eyes of 从～～观点看来，在～～眼里
in the face of 面对～～，尽管，纵使
in the middle of 在～～中间
in the end =at last=finally 最后
14. on the eve of 在～～前夕
on the side of 在～～一边
15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后
for a time = for some time 一时，有一段时间
16. behind time 迟到，过期
behind the times 落在时代后面
17. at no time 决不
in no time 立即，马上
18. at one time = once time 曾经
at a time = each time 每次
at times = sometimes 有时
at all times 经常，一直，始终
at the same time 同时
at the time 在～～的时候
by the time 到～～的时候
19. for a moment 一会儿
for the moment 暂时
at the moment 当时
the moment /minute /instance 正当～～一刹那
20. once or twice 一两次
more than once 不止一次
once more 重新，又
once upon a time 从前
once in a while 偶尔
二．归类记忆
1. be on show / display / play / sale / strike / duty / trial
2. be of value / importance / use / no use / color / age / size / height / weight / significance
3. to one’s joy / surprise / pleasure / astonishment / sorrow / delight
4. in surprise / wonder / alarm / terror / horror / delight
5. by air / bicycle / boat / bus / car / letter / post / plane / telephone / train / wire
6. at daybreak / sunrise / dawn / noon/ dark / night
7. out of breath / control / question / sight
8. in fact / reality / substance / nature / practice / theory / short / brief / a word / detail / all / average / full / time / fashion / existence / turn / vain / haste / appearance / common / sum/
general / particular / public / secret / order / part / power / stock / case / bed / future / name / addition / sight
9. on duty / shift / holiday / leave / business / purpose / time / sale / show / board / hand / record / request / root / earth / farm / principle
10. for example / instance / all / good / nothing / convenience / short / fear / sale
11. by weight ( volume size number~~ ) / profession / definition / rule / turn / chance/ accident/
mistake / hand / train ( bus ,taxi ,ship ,boat ~~) / air / land / force / day / nature / sight
12. at most / least / best / worst / once / first / last / home / school / will ( at will:任意) / work /
night / midnight / daybreak / dawn / present / length / large
13. as above / below / following / over / usual / before / a matter of fact
14. above all / measure / normal
15. before all / long / time / now / then
16. after all / class / school
17. out of action / order / condition / use / operation / step / joint / repair/ gear / balance / range/
doubt / date / danger / hand / shape / place / question / stock /
18. with caution / interest / difficulty / ease / advantage / effect / reason / vigor / reserve / success / confidence
19. beyond comprehension / conception / description / expression / doubt / control / reach / power / measure / grasp / compare / controversy / dispute / hope / example
20. under age / discussion / test / way / repair
三．组合记忆
（1）由两个词组成的复合介词．
1. 以of结尾
ahead of , aside of , because of , east of , west of , instead of , short of , lack of , regardless of
2. 以to结尾
according to , as to , counter to , due to , owing to , next to , previous to , prior to , apostle to ,
relative to , subject to , subsequent to , on to , thanks to
3. 以with结尾
along with , together with
4. 以for结尾
as for , but for , except for , save for
5. 以from结尾
from above , from below , from among , from between , from beneath , from behind ,
from over
（2）由三个词组成的复合介词．
1. 以in开头
in addition to , in advance of , in agreement with , in case of , in charge of , in comparison with
in consequence of , in consideration of , in (the) course of , in contrast with , in the face of ,
in favor of , in front of , in honor of , in (the) light of , in the middle of , in the name of ,
in need of , in obedience to , in opposition to , in place of , in preference to , in (the) process of
in regard to , in reply to , in respect of
2. 以by开头
by means of , by order of , by reason of , by virtue of , by way of
3. 以at开头
at the beginning of , at the cost of , at the end of , at the hands of , at mercy of , at the point of ,
at the risk of
4. 以with开头
with an eye to , with the exception of , with the purpose of , with reference to , with regard to,
with respect to , with a view to , with the view of
5. 以for开头
for the benefit of , for fear of , for lack of , for the good of , for the sake of
6. 以under开头
under cover of , under pain of , under the present of
7. 以on开头
on account of , on behalf of , on the occasion of , on the part of , on the point of , on top of
四．省略介词，意义不变
1. I will share (in) the pleasure with him.
2. I spent two hours (in) reading the article.
3. I’ll write (to) you a letter.
4. He plays (on) the piano every evening.
5. Smith has traveled (through) China.
6. They are fighting (against) their enemy.
7. Please fill (in) the blanks in the following.
8. The houses face (to/on) the south.
9. She scolded (at) her child yesterday.
10. It is (of) no use talking.
11. There is no use (in) talking.
12. We couldn’t prevent them (from) getting married.
13. He is busy (in) preparing for the exam.
14. I have studied English (for) ten years.
15. This shirt doesn’t fit (for) me.
16. I want a place to live (in) .
17. You ought to break (off) this habit.
18. She always share (in) my troubles as well as (in ) my jobs.
五．动词词组及短语
1. 以break为中心的词组
break away from 脱离，逃离
break down 破坏，粉碎；瓦解；出故障，抛锚
break in 闯进，打断；使顺服
break into 闯入；强行进入；突然开始
break out 爆发，发生；准备使用；起锚
break the law 违反法律
break the record 破记录
break one’s promise 失言
break up 开垦，破碎；解散，分开，分解
2. 以catch为中心的词组
be caught doing 被发现做某事
be caught in the rain 淋雨
catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车
catch a cold 伤风，感冒
catch one’s word 听懂某人的话
catch sight of 发现，瞥见
catch up with 赶上，追及，追上
3. 以come为中心的词组
come across 偶尔发现，想起；越过；偿付
come along 一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现
come at 达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击
come back 回来；恢复，复原
come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒
come from 来自，起源于，从~~产生，生于
come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获名次
come into being 发生，产生，出现，形成
come into power 开始执政，当权，当选
come into use 开始使用，获得应用
come on 上演；开始；赶快；发展；登台；（问题）被提出
come out 出来，传出；出版；结果是；褪色；（秘密）泄露
come to 苏醒，复原；共计；达到；归结于
come to an end 终止，结束
come to know 开始了解到
come true 实现，成为现实；证实
come up 走近；上楼；长出，发芽
4. 以do为中心的词组
be done in 精疲力竭
be done with 完全结束
do a good deed 做一件好事
do away with 去掉，废除；弄死；浪费
do good to (=do sb. good) 有益于
do harm to (=do sb. good) 有害于
do its work 有效，有作用
do much 极有用
do wrong to 做错
do one’s best 尽某人最大努力
do one’s homework 做作业
do one’s utmost 尽力而为
do proud 足以使~~骄傲
do sb. justice 公平对待某人
do some cleaning (V+ing,etc.) 搞卫生
do sb. a favor 帮助某人
do well in 学得不错，干得漂亮
do with 和~~相处，忍受，处理
do without 不需要，不用
do wonders 创造奇迹
have much to do with 和~~很有关系
have nothing to do with 与~~无关
have something to do with 和~~有关
in doing so=in so doing 这时，在这种情况下
That will do. 行了；够了
5. 以get为中心的词组
get about 徘徊，走动，旅行；流传
get above oneself 自视高傲
get accustomed to 习惯于，对~~习以为常
get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使理解
get ahead of 胜过，超过
get along 前进，进步；同意；离去
get along with 与~~相处
get at 发现，了解；掌握；攻击
get away 离开，逃脱
get back 取回，回来；报复
get behind 落后；识破
get down 咽下；写下；使沮丧，使抑郁
get down to 认真对待，静下心来
get familiar with 熟悉
get hold of 获得，取得
get home 到家
get in 进入，陷入；牵涉
get off 送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动身
get on 上车；穿上；进步，使前进；成功；相处
get upon with 进步；在~~方面获得成功
get one’s hand in 熟悉；习惯
get out of 由~~出来，从~~得出；避免；退休
get over 越过；恢复，痊愈；克服；完成
get ready for 为~~作准备
get rid of 除去，去掉；免除，摆脱
get through 到达，完成，通过；及格
get together 积聚，积累；商谈，取得一致意见
get up 起床，起立；研究，钻研；致力于；安排，组织
get used to 习惯于
have got to do 不得不，必须
6. 以give为中心的词组
be given to 沉溺于，癖好
give about 分配；传播
give and take 相互迁就
give away 赠送；牺牲；泄露；颁发
give back 归还
give cause 给予~~的理由
give ear to 侧耳倾听
give forth 发出，放出；发表
give in 屈服，让步，投降
give in to 同意，接受；向~~让步
give off 发出（烟，气味）
give oneself out to be/as 自称为
give oneself up to 专心于；向~~自首
give out 分发，公布
give place to 让位于，被~~所替代
give rise to 引起，导致；使~~发生
give sb. to understand 通知某人
give up 放弃；停止
give way to 让步，退却；屈服于
7. 以look为中心的词组
look about 四下环顾；查看
look after 照顾，看管
look around 东张西望
look at 注视，着眼于
look back 回顾
look for 寻找；期待，期望
look down on 俯视；轻视
look forward to 盼望，期待
look into 窥视；调查；浏览
look like 看起来象
look on 旁观；面向
look out 向外看；注意；当心，堤防
look over 从上面看过去；检查
look through 透过~~看去；看穿；浏览
look up to 仰望，尊敬
8. 以make为中心的词组
be made from 由~~原料制成
be made of 由~~材料制成
be made up of 由~~组成
make a fool of 愚弄，欺骗
make a mistake 弄错
make a point of doing 强调；认为~~重要；决心，坚持
make advantages/use of 使用，利用
make after 追求，追赶
make believe 假装
make certain 确信，把~~弄清楚
make contact with 接通，与~~接触，与~~联系
make for 去向，向~~前进；有利于
make friends with 和~~交友
make into 把~~制成，使~~转变为
make much of 重视；理解；赏识
make one’s mind on sth. 决定某事
make one’s own 当作自己的看待
make oneself at home 随便，别拘束
make out 填写；开支票；理解；辨认
make the best of 尽量利用；极为重视
make up 弥补，修理；赔偿，补偿；起草；编造；化装
make up to 接近，巴结；向~~求爱
make way for 为~~让路，让路于
on the make 急求成功；增加
9. 以put为中心的词组
put aside 把~~放在一边；搁置；排除
put away 把~~放好，把~~收拾；储藏；吃喝，吃掉
put back 把~~放回原处；驳回
put down 放下；镇压；制止；记下；削减；降落
put forward 提出；拨快；建议，推荐；提倡，倡议
put ~~ into 把~~放入；插入；翻译成
put off 推迟，延期；消除；推脱，推辞
put on 上演；穿上，带上
put one’s heart into 全神贯注，专心致志
put up 举起，挂起；提名，推荐；陈列
put up with 忍受，容忍
10. 以take为中心的词组
be taken aback 吃惊
take a seat 就坐
take a shower 淋浴，洗澡
take aim 瞄准，设立目标
take away 拿走，减去；夺去
take ~~ by surprise 出奇制胜
take care of 当心，注意；照顾；提防；谨慎；处理，对付；负责
take ~~ for 把~~当作
take off 脱去，除去；离开；起飞；模仿；起程；致死；复制，作副本；减弱
take office 就职，上任
take one’s place 就坐，入坐
take one’s temperature 量体温
take part in 参与，参加
take place = happen 发生，举行
take the place of 代替
take pride in 以~~为荣，对~~骄傲
take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊
take it easy 别着急，慢慢来
11. 以turn为中心的词组
give a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法
in one’s turn 轮到某人做某事
out of turn 不按次序的，不合适宜的
take one’s turn to do 轮到做
turn a blind eye to 对~~视而不见
turn against 背叛，采取敌对态度
turn back 折回，往回走
turn down 折叠，翻下，驳回，拒绝考虑
turn into 走进；变成，变为
turn to ~~for help 求助于
turn off 关上（自来水，电器开关）；解雇，辞退；避开（问题）；制造；生产
turn on 打开（自来水，电器开关）；反对；依靠，依赖，取决于
turn one’s attention to 把注意力转向
turn out 培养；证明是；制成；实际情况是
turn out to be 原来是，证明是，结果是
turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页，重新开始，改过自新
turn (a)round 旋转，转过身来；改变意见；采取新政策
turn to 变成；着手于
turn upside down 颠倒过来，翻过来；使陷入混乱
回
参考资料： ://zhidao.baidu/question/20615632.html?fr=qrl3
英语高考常见短语
://wenku.baidu/view/b556ffd7240c844769eaee3d.html
百度文库，这个网址你看看，2012高考英语必备词组。或者再在百度文库搜索下，应该可以查到不少。
预祝高考顺利！
最近几年英语高考出现的高频词汇和短语总汇！！
1. abandon oneself to sth. 完全屈从于（某种感情或冲动）；沉迷于
2. have an (the )ability to do sth. ( have the ability in doing sth.)有能力做某事
3. to the best of one"s ability 尽某人最大的力
4. be about to do when… 正准备做某事突然。。。
5. above all 首先，最重要；in all 总计 after all 毕竟; 终究 all in all总之
6 .at home and abroad 在国内外 go abroad 出国
7. in sb."s absence /in the absence of sb.当（某人）不在时 be absent from 缺席
8. be absorbed in 全神贯注于；专心于
9. have (easy/hard)access to sth. 接近；进入；使用；可以用….(零冠词)
10. by accident 偶然；意外地 =by chance by mistake 由于错误
11. be delayed through an accident 由于事故而耽误
12. be accompanied by 附有；伴随；相伴而生 keep sb. accompanied=keep sb. company
13. according to (后面不接view, opinion…); in my opinion
14. collect accounts收账；open an account 开账户；keep accounts 记账 ; account for说明; give a full account of 做一个完整的说明; on account of=because of 因为 accounting department会计室；
15 .accuse sb. of… 控告某人charge sb. with sth. 起诉某人blame sb. for sth. 责备某人
16. be accustomed to sth.( to doing sth.)=be used to sth.(to doing sth.)习惯于做某事
17. have some acquaintance with 熟悉；熟知 He is just an acquaintance
18 e (run) across （偶然）碰到=meet with ; get sth. across 使人理解；领会
19. act as充当，担任 act out 表演（对话、故事）；把。。。付诸于行动 act on(upon) 对。。。起作用
20 .catch sb. (in the act of) doing sth. 抓住某人干某事；take action 采取行动
21. be active in 在…积极 take an active part in 积极参加lead an active life过着积极的生活
22. adapt oneself to 使自己适应 adapt sth. to 使某物适应 adapt from 根据。。。改写
23. add in 包括；添加； 加进去 add to 增加；加强 add… to 把。。。加到。。。上
add up to 合加起来
24 .be addicted to sth.( doing sth. )嗜好…的；上了…瘾的 addict 有瘾的人，入迷的人
25. in addition / in addition to 此外
26. deliver an address to 向。。发表演讲/向。。。致辞 giving a closing address 致闭幕词 an address of welcome 欢迎词 a send-off address欢送词
27. admit sth.( doing sth.) 承认 be admitted to 被录取，被。。。吸收成为一员
28. in advance=beforehand 提前，预先
29 .be of great (no ) advantage to 对。。。大大有利（毫无裨益）gain(have) an advantage over sb.优于；胜过； take advantage of sb. 利用某人；欺骗某人
30. put an advertisement for/ advertise sth. 登广告
31. ask for sb."s advice =ask sb,. for advice 征求某人的建议 give sb. advice on how to do sth. 就如何干某事提出忠告 take/follow one’s advice 采纳。。。建议
32. advise sb. on sth. 就某事对某人提出忠告；advise sb. against( doing) sth.
33 .be afraid of sth./doing sth. 害怕；担心 be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事
34 .be after 寻求；追求 take after (性格/长相)像。。。。 name sb. after 按。。。取名
35. be against one"s proposal 反对（意见 go against nature违背自然stand against the wall 靠墙而立
36. at the age of 在。。。岁时；be under age 未成年 come of age 成年(零冠词)
He has come of age
37. agree with sb/one’s opinion.( what 从句 ); agree with the climate/饮食 对气候等的适应 agree to +advice/suggestion/ idea/proposal …agree on (upon) 就。。达成一致
38. ahead of ( time) 在。。。前面 go ahead 继续；前进
39. aid sb. in sth./aid sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 in aid of 支持 ；give sb. first aid/perform first aid on sb.对某人实施急救
40. aim at 瞄准 aim to 以。。。。为目标
41. on the air（用无线电、电视）正在播送/出 in the air 在空中；by air 乘飞机；
put on (give oneself) airs 摆架子 He always put on airs.
42. all along 一直；始终 all over the country(world)遍及全国（世界）all alone单独；
all but 几乎；差一点 (The balloon is all but yellow.气球差不多是黄色的)
43. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事
44. let alone 更不用说 There is not enough room for us, let alone six dogs.
45 .get along (on) with 在。。。方面有进展 take along with 随身携带
46 .not only…but also (注意倒装用法)
Not only can he speak English, but also he can speak French.
47. make an analysis of 分析
48 .in ancient times/in modern times 在古代/在现代(零冠词)
49. and so on/and so forth 等等
50 .be angry about sth.对某事生气be angry at sth.因某事生气 be angry with sb.
51. annoy sb. with sth./annoy sb. by doing sth. 因。。。使某人生气；
52. one after another 相继
53. answer for 对。。。负责 answer for it that…. answer sb."s call 回电话 make no answer 不作回答
54. be anxious about ( for) 为。。。担心 be anxious to do 渴望（急于）做某事
55. apologize to sb. for sth./ make an apology to sb. for sth 因某事向某人道歉
56. in appearance 外貌（表）上 make one"s appearance 登台，出现by/from all appearances 显然/从表面上看
57.apply…to… 将。。应用于 apply to 适应于apply oneself to be applied to 专心致志于 apply( to sb.) for sth. 向(某人)申请某物
58. appoint sb. to a post 派某人任某职; appoint a time for the meeting 约定开会时间 at the appointed time
59. approach sb.靠近；接近（某人/某地） When he approached his car/her, he found he had left the key at home. sth./sb. approach vi.
Valentine"s Day is approaching, the price of roses begin to rise.
have/find an approach to sth./doing sth.有/找到方法/途径接近
We have found an approach to success.
60. approve of 赞同 approve 批准；为。。。提供证据
61 .argue with/against sb. about/on sth.与某人辩论某事argue sb. into doing 说服某人做某事
62 .arm in arm 肩并肩 hand in hand 手拉手 ; shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩
take sth. in one"s arms抱 be armed to the teeth 全副武装
63. arrange for sb. to do安排某人做；准备 arrange with sb. about sth. 与某人商定某事
make an arrangement( arrangements) for… 做好准备；安排
64. as a whole 总的来说 on the whole 总体上
65. as…as one can 尽力；尽可能
66. as to/as for/ with regard to/when it comes to+sth. 至于；说到
67 .be ashamed of/at sth. 为某事感到羞愧be ashamed for sb. 为某人感到羞愧
68 .ask for sth. 请求 ask sb. for sth. 向某人索取某物ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做
69. every aspect of=all the aspects of 各个方面
70. assist sb. with sth./assist sb. in doing sth./assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
71. associate..with… 把。。。和。。联系起来 ; in association with … 与。。。联手
72. be astonished( surprised) at (the news) 对。。感到惊奇
73 .at the latest 最迟
74. be attached to 附属于。。。；依恋； attach sth. to… 把。。贴上 把。。系在。。。上
Sb.attach great importance to sth.认为。。。。非常重要
75. attempt/try to do sth.(make an attempt to do sth.)企图做。。；attempt at sth. 试图获得
76. attend on/to sb. 照看/护理某人； attend school/ a lecture/a meeting/a concert
77. attract/capture/catch/draw/get one"s attention 吸引某人注意hold one"s attention on 将注意力集中 devote one"s attention to 专心于 turn one"s attention to 将注意力转向 pay attention to 注意
78. one"s attitude towards… 某人对…的态度。
79. on (the ) average按平均； above( below) average 平均以上（下）
80. be aware of / be aware that clause 意识到，觉察
81. back and forth 来回地（屋内）
82. at the back of sb./at sb."s back 支持某人；at the back of 在。。。后lie on one"s back
83. go from bad to worse 每况愈下
84 .go bad(wrong/hungry) 变腐烂/ 出错 /挨饿
85. keep(lose) balance 保持（失去）平衡 ;be in the balance=be on the fence 悬而未决 ；不能决/肯定
86. ban sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事be under a ban被禁止a ban on sth. 在。。。上的禁令
87. base sth. on/upon sth. 以。。。为基础； be based on 基于on the basis of 以。。。为根据； 在。。。基础上
88. battle against 向。。。开战； battle with 与。。。搏斗； battle for为。。。而战
89. because of + 名词（代词、 what 从句）
90. make the bed 整理床铺；in bed/on the bed 在床上
91. beg sb. to do sth.恳求某人干某事；beg for sth. 请求得到 beg a favor of sb.恳求某人帮忙
92. begin with=start with 从。。。开始 to begin with=to start with 首先
93. on behalf of 代表 ; on sb."s behalf 以某人的名义
94. believe in 信赖 belief 信仰 复数为 beliefs
95. belong to (无被动语态) 属于
96 .beyond recognition认不出来 beyond belief 难以置信 beyond description 无法用言语表达 beyond sb. 对某人来说难以理解
The problem is beyond us 这个问题我们回答不了
97 .by birth 在血统上 at birth 诞生；出生 give birth to 生（产）
98. bit by bit 一点点地 do one"s bit 尽一点（份）quite a bit 相当多比较： not a bit 一点也不 not a little 很，非常
99 .be black and blue 遍体鳞伤
100 .bear the blame 受过lay/ put the blame on/upon sb. for sth. 把责任推到某人身上
Sb. be to blame 某人应受责备 blame sb, for sth.
101. turn a blind eye to 熟视无睹 turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻
102. blow away 刮走 blow down 吹倒；blow off 吹掉 blow out 吹灭 blow up 爆炸
103. on board 在船（火车/飞机）上 go on board 上船（火车/飞机）
104. be in the same boat 同舟共济
105. keep body and soul together 维持生命（活）
106. book (check ) in 办理登记手续
107. borrow sth.from sb. 从。。。借到某物 ; lend sth. to sb. 把。。。借出
108. bother about 为。。。而烦恼 have bother( difficulty/trouble/danger) in doing sth.
109. from the bottom of one"s heart 由衷地 ; from top to bottom 从上到下
110 .break down 出毛病；失败；毁掉 break away from 脱离 break in 打断；闯入 break into 破门而入 break up分解；破碎；结束；打碎；解散；衰落break out爆发 break the law 违法 break off折断；突然停止 break through突围 ；突破 have/take a break
111. hold one"s breath 憋住气 lose one"s breath 上气不接下气 take (draw) breath 歇口气 take(draw) a deep breath 深呼吸 breathe in (out)呼吸（出）
112. in brief( short)=in short（ words ） 简言之
113. bring in 吸引；引进 ；增加bring down 降低；打倒；击落bring forward 提出；bring up 抚育；呕吐 ；教育；（船）停下bring about 产生；引起；导致