《那些古怪又让人忧心的问题》第49期:消失的DNA(2)

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If you were standing up when you lost your DNA, you might twitch slightly. When you stand, your muscles are constantly working to keep you upright. The force being exerted by those muscle fibers wouldn 8217;t change, but the mass they 8217;re pulling on-your limbs-would. Since F = ma, various body parts would accelerate slightly.

如果失去DNA时你处于站立状态,你可能会轻微抽搐一下。因为当你保持站立姿势时,身上的肌肉在不停微调以保持你的直立状态。肌肉纤维产生的力不会因为DNA的消失而发生变化,但这股力作用于的物体(你的肢体)的质量会发生变化。由于力等于质量乘以加速度,因而许多身体部位都会产生很小的加速度。

After that, you would probably feel pretty normal.

之后,你可能会感觉一切如常。

For a while.

一小段时间。

Destroying angel

毁灭天使

Nobody has ever lost all their DNA,2 so we can 8217;t say for sure what the precise sequence of medical consequences would be. But to get an idea of what it might be like, let 8217;s turn to mushroom poisonings.

从来没有人失去过体内所有的DNA,2所以我们在这里并不能准确地知道之后会发生什么。但我们可以通过蘑菇中毒来对失去DNA的后果有一些大致的认识。

Amanita bisporigera is a species of mushroom found in eastern North America. Along with related species in America and Europe, it 8217;s known by the common name destroying angel.

白毒伞是一种发现于北美洲东部的蘑菇,它和在美国与欧洲发现的相似品种的蘑菇并称为人们常说的“毁灭天使”。

Destroying angel is a small, white, inoccuous-looking mushroom. If you 8217;re like me, you were told never to eat mushrooms you found in the woods. Amanita is the reason why.3

毁灭天使是一种白色的小型蘑菇,外表看起来人畜无害。如果你像我一样被告知不要吃野外找到的蘑菇,白毒伞的存在就是原因之一。3

If you eat a destroying angel, for the rest of the day you 8217;ll feel fine. Later that night, or the next morning, you 8217;ll start exhibiting cholera-like symptoms-vomiting, abdominal pain, and severe diarrhea. Then you start to feel better.

如果你吃了一个毁灭天使蘑菇,当天你可能毫无感觉。然而到了深夜或者第二天早上,你会出现一些类似霍乱的症状——呕吐、腹痛以及严重的腹泻。之后你会感觉症状有所缓解。

At the point where you start to feel better, the damage is probably irreversible. Amanita mushrooms contain amatoxin, which binds to an enzyme that is used to read information from DNA. It hobbles the enzyme, effectively interrupting the process by which cells follow DNA 8217;s instructions.

当你感觉症状缓解的时候,造成的损害很可能已经不可逆转了。白毒伞蘑菇含有毒伞肽,会侵入用来从DNA读取信息的酶,扰乱酶的正常活动,使得细胞无法按照DNA信息进行活动。

Amatoxin causes irreversible damage to whatever cells it collects in. Since most of your body is made of cells,4 this is bad. Death is generally caused by liver or kidney failure, since those are the first sensitive organs in which the toxin accumulates. Sometimes intensive care and a liver transplant can be enough to save a patient, but a sizable percentage of those who eat Amanita mushrooms die.

毒伞肽会对任何吸收它的细胞造成不可逆的伤害。我们身体绝大部分都是由细胞构成的,4所以这可不是一个好消息。这种毒素的致死原因一般是肝衰竭或肾衰竭,因为这些敏感的器官是毒素最先聚集的地方。有时候,对病人进行重症监护并进行肝脏移植可以拯救病人的性命,但相当一部分吃了白毒伞的人最后都被毒死了。

标签:   发布日期:2024-03-05 07:32:00  投稿会员:Aucao